avogadro's law
Definition
Noun: - A principle in physical chemistry: Avogadro's law states that under identical conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain an equal number of molecules.
Usage
This term is used exclusively in scientific contexts, particularly in chemistry and physics, to describe a fundamental gas law. - It is a proper noun and is always capitalized ("Avogadro's Law"). - It is often cited alongside other gas laws (Boyle's law, Charles's law) to describe the behavior of ideal gases.
Examples
- In a textbook:
- In an explanation:
Advanced Usage
- In stoichiometric calculations: Avogadro's Law is used to relate volumes of gases in chemical reactions. For instance, the law implies that the volume ratio of reacting gases is the same as their mole ratio.
- Foundation for Avogadro's constant: The law leads to the concept of Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 × 10²³), which is the number of particles in one mole of a substance.
Variants and Related Words
- Avogadro's hypothesis: An earlier name for the same principle.
- Avogadro's number (or constant): The number of constituent particles (atoms or molecules) in one mole of a substance, derived from the law.
- Ideal gas law: A comprehensive equation (PV = nRT) that combines Avogadro's Law with other gas laws.
Synonyms
- Avogadro's principle: A direct synonym.
Related Concepts (Not Phrasal Verbs or Idioms)
- Molar volume: The volume occupied by one mole of a gas at a given temperature and pressure; a direct application of Avogadro's Law. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), this is approximately 22.4 liters.
- Ideal gas behavior: The theoretical model of gas behavior which Avogadro's Law helps to describe.
Noun
-
the principle that equal volumes of all gases (given the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of molecules
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